How do I debug my Audi A2's engine malfunction light?

I recently purchased an Audi A2 and the engine malfunction light has appeared on my dashboard. I have checked all the basic maintenance needs, but the light is still on. What steps can I take to figure out the cause of the issue and resolve it?

Start by checking the error code using an OBD-II scanner. This will give you a specific idea of what is causing the issue and where to start troubleshooting.