What is Audi R8's Quattro system and how does it enhance the car's performance?

I am planning to purchase an Audi R8 and I keep hearing about the Quattro system. Can someone explain what it is and how it contributes to the car's performance?

The Audi R8's Quattro system is a revolutionary all-wheel drive system that uses a self-locking center differential to provide torque to the wheels with the most grip. This allows for better traction, stability, and cornering performance.