Why do Audi cars have quattro technology?

I often see Audi cars with the word “quattro” displayed proudly on them, but I'm not sure what it means. Can someone explain the technology behind it and why it's used?

Quattro is Audi's signature all-wheel drive system that provides better traction and handling in various driving conditions. It uses a center differential to distribute power between the front and rear axles, giving the car better stability and control on both wet and dry roads.